Saw Palmetto berry is rich in the bioactive compound beta-sitosterol, which helps maintain urinary health and normal, healthy prostate function. Growth of the prostate is believed to happen through the action of 5α-reductase, which catalyzes the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone. Dihydrotestosterone binds to nuclear androgen receptors and activates the transcription of androgen-regulated genes that are mitogenic to both epithelial and stromal cells. Due to the fact that the development and growth of the prostate gland depend on androgen stimulation, the mechanisms of action of saw palmetto include several antiandrogenic effects, such as inhibition of 5α-reductase I and II and inhibition of binding of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) to the cytosolic androgen receptors, anti-proliferative effects and anti-inflammatory effects. Several studies have shown that saw palmetto may positively influence the prostate by helping to maintain its optimal size and function, which then equates to a healthy urinary flow and frequency.

Stinging nettle has been widely used to maintain normal urinary flow and contributing to a healthy, optimal functioning prostate. Stinging nettle has also showed effectiveness when used in combination with other ingredients, like saw palmetto. Human studies have shown this effectiveness particularly in urinary flow maintenance. The mechanism of action for stinging nettle is via the sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), aromatase (the key enzyme in estrogen biosynthesis), epidermal growth factor and prostate steroid membrane receptors are involved in the anti-prostatic effect. The success of stinging nettle in human studies makes it effective for maintaining normal prostate health and function.

The bark of Pygeum africanum, also known as the African prune tree native to tropical Africa, is a compound that has often been utilized for its benefits in maintaining prostate health and supporting healthy urination patterns. Pygeum has shown to provide a large improvement in urinary function and flow measures. Men using pygeum africanum also noticed nocturia was reduced by 19%, residual volume of urine reduced by 24%, and peak urine flow increased by 23%. These results indicate that pygeum is a beneficial ingredient  for those looking to maintain normal prostate function.

β-sitosterol is the most abundant plant sterol in the human diet and is also the major component of several traditional medicines, including saw palmetto and devil’s claw. It assists maintain prostate function by aiding in the and ease of urinary flow. Clinical studies revealed that men administered β-sitosterol noticed a more efficient flow measure and increased prostate function. β-sitosterol works in synergy with the other ingredients of Neurolab’s comprehensive prostate formula.

Lycopene, a carotenoid found largely in tomato, pink grapefruit, and watermelon, is a natural and effective nutrient that supports optimal prostate function. Several studies have been conducted showing lycopene’s effectiveness in maintaining this prostate function in both in-vivo and in-vitro conditions. Results of these studies showed that lycopene was able to inhibit prostatic IGF-I signaling, IL-6 expression and androgen signaling. Lycopene was also able to show improvements in gap-junctional communication and oxidative defence genes, which can be essential for maintaining prostate function.

Pumpkin seed has been especially noted for its benefits towards prostate health improvement. The fatty acids contained in pumpkin seeds, especially delta-7-sterols, tocopherols, and other micronutrients have shown specific promise in optimizing normal prostate function. Research results showed that pumpkin seed delivered improvements in quality of life and improvements in maximal urinary flow. One of the primary mechanisms of action for pumpkin seeds is to block the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone, inhibiting the enzyme 5-α-reductase. Dihydrotestosterone is classified as a powerful metabolite of testosterone with critical functions as an androgen. While androgens can be beneficial for men, when they get too high, they can negatively affect certain parts of the human body, including the prostate, leading to issues such as less than optimal prostate function. Maintaining normal levels of dihydrotestosterone in the prostate is therefore a paramount property to maintaining the normal function of the prostate.

Boron is a mineral present in multiple fruits and vegetables and affects physiological functions in the body, particularly modulating hormonal homeostasis. Research shows that  boron may play a role in maintaining free testosterone levels in healthy men. In one study, otherwise healthy men were provided an acute serving of boron and had their free and total levels of testosterone, alone with SHBG (sex hormone binding globulin) and DHT (dihydrotestosterone) levels measured. In that study, total testosterone was unaltered, but free testosterone was enhanced by 14%, while SHBG was significantly (9%) reduced. Boron has also shown substantial evidence in playing a role in supporting normal prostate function, specifically through lowering PSA (prostate specific antigen), which can be a marker for prostate abnormality advancement. Other studies have shown the effectiveness of adequate boron levels on optimizing prostate health. One human study concluded that men who ingested boron in their diet were 54% less likely to be at risk of prostate related issues.

Prostate cells are sensitive to both male and female hormones (testosterone and estrogen). So, Neurolab have included potent botanicals to help promote healthy prostate hormone metabolism. Diindolylmethane (DIM) works by inhibiting Aromatase  which is responsible for converting androgens (testosterone and its metabolites) into estrogens. But DIM doesn’t just reduce the conversion of testosterone to estrogen, it also changes the body’s balance of estrogenic activity for the better, by converting “strong” estrogens to weaker estrogens.

Niacinamide is a form of vitamin B3 found in many foods including meat, fish, milk, eggs, green vegetables, and cereals. Niacin helps the body make various sex and stress-related hormones in the adrenal glands and other parts of the body. Niacin helps improve circulation, and it has been shown to suppress inflammation. Niacin may improve erectile function by easing atherosclerosis and fighting free radicals that damage arteries.

Selenium is considered an essential nutrient because the body cannot produce it on its own, so it must be supplied by diet and/or supplementation. Selenium is classified as a trace element that’s primarily present in organ meats, nuts, and seafood. Once selenium is ingested, it goes on to synthesize several selenoproteins that are crucial for DNA synthesis, thyroid hormone metabolism, reproduction, and serve as potent antioxidants.  Research shows that selenium plays a crucial role in testosterone metabolism. A meta-analysis published in 2017 found that men with higher serum selenium levels had significantly lower risk of prostate cancer. Selenium also prevents the expression of oncogene, which is a cell that can transform into a tumor, and stimulates apoptosis. Selenium can also inhibit cell proliferation by reducing cyclin in prostatic cancer cells. Another meta-analysis from 2018 concluded that there’s a high probability that selenium has a protective role against the development and progression of prostate cancer.

Copper is most notably involved in the immune system, regulation of gene expression, and maintenance of neurohormones. Furthermore, copper helps protect the cells from oxidative stress by contributing to the production of superoxide dismutase. A study from 2016 reported that a deficiency of essential trace minerals, such as copper, zinc and selenium are strongly associated an increased risk of prostate cancer. The key finding from this study is that it’s important to have an optimal balance between all the trace minerals assessed in hope of preventing either BPH or prostate cancer.

Zinc is a trace mineral with powerful antioxidant properties critical to normal prostate function. In fact, a normal functioning prostate has the highest levels of zinc in the body.

Bioperine®️ is a patented black pepper extract that contains the active compound piperine. BioPerine is used to enhance absorption rates of ingredients.